Morocco culture

About Morocco

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Morocco is in many ways a country apart. It nestles on the northwestern tip of Africa, separated from the rest of the continent by the towering Atlas Mountains and by the Sahara itself. Its climate, geography, and history are all more closely related to the Mediterranean than to the rest of Africa, and for this reason visitors are often struck by the odd sensation of having not quite reached Africa in Morocco. In the north, its fine beaches, lush highland valleys, and evocative old cities reinforce this impression. Yet, as one moves south and east, into and over the starkly beautiful ranges of the Atlases, Morocco's Mediterranean character melts away like a mirage. The sahara stretches out to the horizon, and forbidding kasbahs stare.
Location, Geography, and Climate

Morocco is situated on the extreme northwestern corner of Africa and is bordered by Mauritania and Algeria, both to the south and east.

Morocco's varied geography includes no less than four separate mountain ranges, in addition to lush river valleys, beautiful sandy coasts, and wide expanses of desert. The three most prominent mountain ranges, which run parallel to each other from the southwest to the northeast, are the Middle Atlas, the High Atlas, and the Anti-Atlas. The ascent of the country's highest peak, Jebel Toukbal (13,665 ft./4,165 m.), is a spectacular and not particularly difficult High Atlas trek. The Moroccan coastline, which fronts onto both the Mediterranean and the Atlantic, offers plenty of great beaches as well as a number of fascinating old coastal cities. In the southeast, Morocco's mountain ranges yield inexorably to the desolate expanse of the Sahara. The rivers that flow down this side of the High Atlas support long, narrow, and lush river valleys that resemble linear oases

The climate in Morocco is reliably dry, although small amounts of rain do fall between November and March. Temperature varies considerably by season and locale. While the southern and southeastern desert regions can reach extremely high temperatures during the hot summer months, the higher altitudes of the mountains are cool in summer evenings and freezing in winter. Most travellers find the early summer months to be the most comfortable time to visit, as rain is not a threat and temperatures are warm during the day and pleasantly cool at night

History & Culture

Morocco's history began with the Berbers, the aboriginal people who have inhabited the country since the end of the 2nd millennium BC Rome extended its rule over the area after defeating Carthage in 146 BC, and testimony to its presence still exists in the fine Roman ruins at Volubilis. As Rome fell into decline Morocco was invaded first by the Vandals and then, in the 7th century, by the Arabs. Although external Arab rule lasted little more than a century, the arrival of Islam proved to be a permanent addition to Moroccan culture. In the ensuing centuries a series of ruling dynasties came to power, including the Idrissids, the Almoravids, and the Almohads, but none seemed capable of long maintaining the critical support of the Berber leaders.

By the 15th century Spain and Portugal began to intrude into Morocco, after having expelled the Moors from their own lands. Although Morocco successfully repulsed these invasions, the tide of European imperialism eventually proved too great. By the middle of the 19th century Morocco's strategic importance had become evident to all of the European powers, and they engaged in a protracted struggle for possession of the country. Finally, in 1911, France was formally acknowledged as protector of the greater part of the country, with Spain receiving a number of isolated locales. French rule came to an end in 1953, although its cultural influence on Morocco remains strongly in evidence. Today the country is ruled by King Mohammed VI. He appears to be leading Morocco toward both long-term stability and a greater degree of economic prosperity.

Holidays in Marrakech

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Marrakech is a city in the grip of a delirious imagination. A feverish dreamscape of honeycombed alleys and minarets quivering in the moonlight and haunted by the restless creatures of a visionary carnival that has lasted for a thousand years and shows no sign of stopping now. Marrakech is one of the worlds enchanted places where time becomes suspended and, through its open door, you catch a glimpse of the past so rich and so remote and yet so palpable.
We offer a range of excursions from Marrakech to guide you round the city and the surrounding area.

origine du caftan

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La perle nacrée du Maroc
Fès (Fas), la deuxième ville impériale.

Les qualificatifs ne manque pas pour désigner Fès - la plus ancienne ville makhzen et capitale spirituelle du Maroc, ses splendeurs architecturales et artistiques, son rayonnement intellectuel et religieux. S'il lui fallait un symbole, la medersa (qui vient de " madrassa ", c'est-à-dire " école ") serait sans nul doute le plus parlant. Ce centre d'enseignement des sciences islamiques, né en Orient puis introduit au Maroc par les Almohades, devient une œuvre d'art à part entière sous la dynastie des Mérinides. La richesse et la
profusion des matériaux égalent celles des palais : bronze, bois de cèdre, marbre blanc, vitraux anciens, zelliges, mosaïques, stucs ciselés et arabesques, rien n'est trop beau ni trop coûteux pour ces lieux où l'étude élève l'âme vers Dieu. Vous verrez beaucoup de ces îlots silencieux, perdus dans le brouhaha des souks, à l'abri de portails ouvragés. La plus imposante et la plus luxueuse, Bou Inania (bâtie entre 1350 et 1357 sur les ordres du sultan Abou Inan), à quelques encablures de la majestueuse porte Bab-Bou-Jeloud. Mais aussi, de proportions plus modestes, la sublime médersa El-Attarine élévée en 1323 par le sultan Abou Saïd), à un jet de pierre de la mosquée de la Qaraouiyine. Ou encore, la médersa Es-Sahrij qui décline, sur les murs de son patio central, les formes et les
matériaux les plus raffinée. Dans chacune d'elle, on retrouve une structure identique : une cour centrale avec sa fontaine, un ensemble de bâtiments tout autour, quelques Iwans (des porches sous lesquels professaient les enseignants), un oratoire doté d'un mihrab pour les prières quotidiennes. S'y enseignait le droit selon les quatres écoles sunnites, le fiqh (droit musulman fondé sur le Coran, l'étude de la tradition et la sunna) et, plus prosaïquement, les sciences, les mathématiques, l'astronomie ou la médecine…

Le caftan

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Le caftan (alqaftane) en langue arabe : costume ancestral datant de la civilisation gréco romaine, il a connu à travers le temps plusieurs remaniements. Certes, le principe du vêtement traditionnel ample est resté toujours le même, relatant le côté aisance et majesté.

A l'origine, seuls les sultans et leurs épouses avaient le privilège de se procurer un vêtement aussi onéreux, vu que les artisans couturiers passaient des mois à le façonner, à le broder, à le perler à la main, dans des tissages nobles et avec du fil d'or et d'argent.

Que dire d'un héritage qui a su perdurer dans le temps et malgré toutes les invasions.
Le caftan est apparu au Maghreb au 3ème siècle après JC avec l'implantation

des arabes, a été cordialement adopté dans les enceintes des palais, se faisait remodeler suivant les monarchies qui se succédaient, tantôt près du corps, cousu dans des tissages légers et soyeux, épousant parfaitement les formes du corps, tantôt ample, court, travaillé dans des tissages plus épais.
Ce costume ancestral s'est largement développé, épanouit au 21ème siècle. On le voit dans tous les foyers maghrebins, dans des tissages plus ou moins coûteux, stylisé avec des découpes ralliant tradition et modernisme, mettant la femme sur un piédestal relevant sa toilette et lui conférant l'allure de la princesse de rêve.

Les caftans présentée dans cette galerie, sont cousus par des maîtres artisans de Fès, dont je salut particulièrement les grandes vertus qui sont la patience et le courage de tout façonner, tout broder et tout perler à la main. Ce n'est guère de l'artisanat, c'est de l'art et dans l'artisanat, il y a le mot ART.

Proverbs from Morocco

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Proverbs from Morocco

A few words from the wise. Get clued up on some common proverbs and sayings used in and around Morocco.

Truth Proverbs

Love truth even if it harms you, and hate lies even if they serve you

Believe what you see and lay aside what you hear

A known mistake is better than an unknown truth

No land without stones, no meat without bones

Friendship

Nothing dries sooner than a tear

He who gives fair words feeds you with an empty spoon

The enemy of my enemy is my friend

Many are the roads that do not lead to the heart

Contradictory

Don't cross the bridge till you come to it

One who is not moved by words is not moved by the stick

Meat and mass never hindered man

Many hands make light work

Success

Exert effort, you shall be rewarded

You can't catch two frogs with one hand

Kill two birds with the one stone

Morocco Photos

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Morocco Photos

Photographs are a great way to get a feel for a country. They help you to visualize what you will be likely to see and enjoy whilst on your travels and they also help you to mentally prepare yourself for what you might experience.

They can serve to familiarize you with certain places and even help you to meet people you have never seen face to face! Photographs can serve as a fantastic ‘window’ to other worlds and will help you to acquire a taste for countries that you have never even stepped foot in.

Certainly, they will make you want to visit as quickly as possible. In this regard, they serve as a powerful advertising tool. But photos are more than this. They help you to remember the joyous holidays that you have experienced in the past. They also help you to learn about other cultures and peoples.

If you have some original, professional quality photographs that you would like to share with Morocco.com, you can do so by writing to us at member@virtualcountries.com and describe the contents of your photos.

Help us to show the world the unique beauty of your country.

Moroccan Arts and Culture

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Moroccan Arts and Culture

The almost medieval-like hustle and bustle of Morocco is for most travelers a world away from their own cities and towns. The culture and people are usually so completely different from what they know that they often find themselves in situations to which they have no idea how to react. The following brief explanation of Moroccan art and culture is designed to help you get the most out of your stay in this amazing country.

Art

The art of this country is truly special. Many historical examples are on display at the local museums. More modern examples are on display at art galleries and in souks. Beware of cheap imitations though!

There are so many different ways that the people express themselves – in carpets, clothing, jewelry, ceramics, sculpture, painting, carving, and calligraphy. They even hold an international art festival once a year to showcase all their talent. If you ever have the opportunity to visit this country, you should consider buying some of the local artwork. Not only will it provide you with a little memento of your trip, but it will help out the local people who are usually quite poor.

Culture

Souks are a way of life in Morocco and you usually wont have to go far to find one. You can often get good bargains here, but remember that most Moroccans will have a lot more experience than you will when it comes to haggling the price so you will seldom find yourself able to get better than that which is offered.

You may find, if you are friendly and courteous enough, that you will soon start to make friends with the locals. If this happens and you are invited to a meal, it is good to keep in mind some of the local customs. For example, you will usually take off your shoes when entering a house. You can follow your host’s example in this regard. Also it is a good idea to take a gift of some sort with. If you are in a home in the city you might take some pastries or some sugar with you. If you are in the county it would be better to buy a live chicken for the household which is likely to not be quite so well off. A home invitation is perhaps the most authentic way to sample Moroccan dishes. Most Moroccan food is eaten with the hands. If you are invited to join someone for a meal, you should always eat with the right hand as the left is supposed to be used for the toilet.

Any plans to visit mosques will usually meet with failure as these are considered to be very holy places that only Muslims are allowed access to. Though this is allowed in other parts of the world, the closest you will likely get to the inside of a mosque in Morocco is if you visit some ruins or disused mosques such as Tin Mal and Smara. Most other monuments are on view to the public for a price and you can also observe certain celebrations such as the Imichal wedding Fair.

When taking photographs of the local people, it would be wisest to ask their permission. Taking a photograph of someone with out their permission – especially in rural areas – can cause offense. This may result in them demanding money from you – even if you only intended to take a scenic shot of something. In contrast, taking photographs of someone you have become friendly with is usually very welcome. Often people with whom you’ve become acquainted will take you to a place where they can get a photograph taken with you for themselves. You should not be unfriendly about this as it usually does not result in you paying for the picture or any further harassment.

Traditionally the men take to the streets and the women are in control of their homes. This means that you will not often find woman in cafés or restaurant. If you are a woman and you strike up a friendship, you will likely be invited to the person’s home or to a hamman (bath) for further association. On the other hand, if you are a man or a man and woman traveling together, you will likely be invited into a café for some tea or a meal.

In general, Moroccan culture can be an exiting and worldly experience. The people are friendly and the place is colorful. Hospitality is really a part of their culture so you can strike up friendships virtually anywhere if you have the right attitude. Usually this results in further association with these dynamic and interesting people and a real taste of Moroccan life.

weather of morocco

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weather in morocco is so mosaic too as morocco is, in one single day you can feel how cold is the atlas mountains then you can drive some hours to feel yourself too hot at the sahara dunes and oasis.

at the coasts reign the oceanic moderated climat, at the northen band the mediterranean cool climat sometimes cold, weather at the atlas mountains (inland) is cold and very influenced by height with his snowfall winter, in the south reign the saharian hot climat.

sunshine levels are more than 10 in marrakech , fez , agadir and ouarzazate.

Average Temperatures in Morocco
City	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec
Agadir	20	22	23	23	23	27	27	28	25	25	23	20
Casablanca	15	15	16	18	20	24	26	28	24	24	21	20
Essaouira	17	18	19	19	21	23	24	28	24	20	20	18
Fes	15	15	18	22	24	28	32	34	28	24	20	17
Marrakech	18	19	23	27	30	35	35	37	33	30	26	20
Ouarzazate	18	20	24	26	32	36	37	39	32	29	26	19
Rabat	16	18	20	20	24	28	30	30	24	23	21	18
Zagora	22	25	25	31	33	38	41	44	38	34	29	22

Morocco Travel Guide

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Morocco are the point of ideal starting for the traveler to Africa. A easy jump of Europe, can be a friendly, shaken and stimulating place. Markets throughout the country with carpets, statures in wood, and jewelry crowed outdoors.

Morocco has developed a mosaic of artistic traditions. The thread that unites to all is music; of the classic style that developed in Spain and the musical traditions of the Berbers through the contemporary fusion of styles African and French. Although identified more with Algeria, RAI (opinion) is the musical style with but force in the cities of Morocco. In spite of its Arab-African rates, Moroccans combine electrical instruments to create a hypnotic effect.

Artisans work is important in Morocco. Its signature has been appreciated commercially since the XVI century. The unique style of every region and it s inheritance lives in the production on carpets, pottery, jewelry shop and statures of wood. The boards painted and carved for the inner decoration along with tiles continue very being used in the interiors in religious buildings and wealthy houses.

Morocco has inspired a lot of artists and producers. The French artist Delacroix is one of the painters who was amazed by the Moroccan daily life and embraced it with his brushes after his visit in 1830, a century later Hollywood started producing on the Moroccan soil, First with Marlene Dietrich. Then followed by the famous movie (Casablanca) in 1942, since then many movies and documentaries have been filmed in Morocco.

Spoken dialect is considerably different from the others spoken in the east. Moroccans speak different dialects according to different regions.

The Moroccan food is delicious and nutritious; the most famous one is the couscous, semolina served with different vegetables and lamb. Black tea with mint is the first preferred drink of all Moroccans. And there is no general alcohol prohibition.

Necessary documents to enter Morocco: passport/identification card. No visa required for visits inferior to 3 months.

How to Travel:

INTERNATIONAL trips

AIR:

The national airline of Morocco is Royal Air Maroc. A lot of other Airlines arrive at international airports as well. Few examples are Air France (AF), Alitalia (AZ), British Air Lines (BA), KLM (Belgian of KL), Sabena (SN), Lufthansa (LH) and Swissair (MR.). Check your travel agent is your preferred airline makes trips to morocco.

International airports:

Casablanca (CAS) (Mohammed V) is 30km to the south of the city (35 minutes). The Services of the airport include duty free store, mail, slogan and Office of Change (open 24hrs), restaurants, shops and car rental office (Avis, Hertz and Europcar).There is trains buses and taxis services available on the premises.

Tangier (TNG) (Boukhalef Souahel) is 12km of the city (20 minutes).

SEA:

The main ports are Tangier, Casablanca and Ceuta. Lines that serve these ports are Transtour, Trasmediterranea Company, Limadet, the Soft Line (of Spain and Gibraltar), Polish Lines of the Ocean and Nautilus (of Spain and the U.S.A. and Comanav. There are cheap and regular automobile - and connections between Spain, Tanger and the Spanish enclave in the North Moroccan coast. The routes are of Algeciras to Ceuta (Sebta); Algeciras to Tanger; It quarrels to Tanger; Gibraltar to Tanger; Almeria to Melilla and Malaga to Melilla).

RAILROAD:

They remain suspended between Morocco and Algeria.

National travels

AIR:

Royal Air Maroc operates regular services of the airport of Casablanca to Agadir, To Al Hoceima, Dakhla, Fès, Marrakech, Ouarzazate, Oujda, Rabat, Tanger and Tetouan. There are special prices for minors, there are also new local airlines that operates, we will keep you posted on their services as soon as we collect information about their routes.

RAILROAD:

The Moroccan railway system is normal and, although limited, tells on first class cheap prices. The railway tariffs are between cheapest of the world, although a supplement in the trains with conditioned air must be paid. They count on car-bed and restaurant. The network runs of Oujda in the northeast to Casablanca in the Eastern coast, Tanger in the North coast and Marrakech in the interior. Main lines: Marrakech-Casablanca-Rabat-Meknes- Fès-Oujda; (b) Marrakech-Casablanca-Rabat; (c) Marrakech-Casablanca-Meknes-Fès and Casablanca-Rabat-Tangier. The most useful route is of Fès to Rabat and Casablanca, with five daily and two trains at night. There are also two daily trains and a train at night (without car-bed) of Casablanca to Marrakech. Cheap tariffs: Smaller children of 4 years do not pay and the 4-10 children can travel by average ticket. Discount of 30% for groups of ten and more. First and Second class can be reserved beforehand.

HIGHWAY:

The Moroccan main highways, particularly those of the north and the northwest of the country, are in good condition throughout the year. Around the south of Mountains of the Atlas, the trip becomes a bit more difficult.

Car:

The main centers are connected by a wide variety of bus services. The two main good companies are CTM (covering the whole country) and SATAS (between Casablanca, Agadir and the south of Agadir).

Taxi:

In major big Cities. People who cannot wait for buses they use big taxis that can travel outside of the town , they are mostly old Mercedes cars painted a white or an off white to beige color. They are used for trips between cities, prices must be agreed upon beforehand.

Car rental:

Avis and Hertz can give automobiles in Gibraltar or Tanger, Agadir Rabat or Casablanca. The price is generally expensive. There are several private car rental companies as well.

URBAN:

There is bus in the big cities. The urban taxis are abundant and have acceptable tariffs. The taxi drivers wait for a gratuity of 10%.

Health :

SANITARY CONDITIONS:

Typical of "an intermediate" country: food industry is well controlled about the hygiene laws and sanitation; drinking bottled water outside the cities is safer for visitors with sensitive digestive system. Milk must be boiled and also fruits and veggies should always be washed before anything.

Private health clinics in principle are better than public hospitals.

Taken care of health:

There are good medical Services in all the main cities, even pharmacies take turn on staying open all night long. Usually the local news papers will advertise which of the pharmacies and the address will stay open. Public hospitals provide free emergency services.

Attractions

NOCTURNAL LIFE: Morocco night clubs, lounges, piano bars, restaurants, and other fun places. There are modern nightclubs in all the cities. There are casinos in Marrakech and Mohammedia. The traditional Moroccan celebrations can be seen in each town.

SPORTS:

Swimming: there are Beaches all over along the Atlantic Ocean or the Mediterranean Sea. Mohammedia, Agadir, el Jadida, Oualidia, Safi and Essaouira are some of the towns with better beaches. The Mediterranean coast is being developed now and to begin to offer resources for swimming and diving.

Fishing: permission and authorization is needed, and is emitted by the Section of Waters and Forests or by the local clubs. Also trips for fishing in the sea can be organized.

Hunting: The area of Arboaua offers wild, perdiz wild boar, the hare, wild duck and quail during the station open from October to March. The hunting permissions are obtained in the National Tourist Office.

Golf: There are clubs in Rabat, El jadida, Tánger,Casablanca, Agadir and Marrakech.

WINTER SPORTS: Ifrane in the Middle Atlas and Oukaimeden in the High Atlas offer tracks prepared of sky. Mont Tidiquin in the district of Ketama and Djebel Seine fishing Volane in the Middle atlas is also stations of sky although with limited resources.

Horse back riding: there are clubs of horse back riding in Casablanca, Rabat, Marrakech, Agadir , El jadida and Fès.

Moroccans speak many languages along with Arabic such French, Spanich (often, North), and English (new generation)

Agadir Morocco

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the reborn city after total ruines caused by the earth quake in february 1960.
it was a real catastrophe, the city was holy destroyed, but there was a strong will to struggle against nature and rebuild the city by his Majesty the king hassan II.
at present agadir is among the best cities in the world world with excellent hotels, gardens, splendid beach of golden sand.taghazout is a destinations of camping amateurs it has a nice beach of pure water and nice waves for surfing.far from agadir lays inzgane, a small village known by silver jewels where you can find fantastic sorts of decoration such as daggers, camels and horses made of silver.agadir is not only a city of art and tourism only but also a main fishing port, its sea has a diversity of all sorts of fish.

Morocco Pictures Our Morocco photo gallery

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Morocco Food

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Hot Dishes
loubia

500 G of calf
250 G of haricot beans
1 onion
2 peeled and ï?½pï?½pinï?½es tomatos
1 C with C of cumin
4 C with S. of tomato purï?½e
Olive oil, 1 saffron pinch
Salt, pepper

PREPARATION

In a casserole, to put the meat, haricot beans, the onion thin slice, cut tomatos of pieces, spices, the purï?½e tomatoes and the olive oil.
To cover water and to close the pot. To let cook on average fire approximately 30 minutes.
Once well cooked beans, to leave on soft fire to make reduce sauce.

Notice
The haricot beans must be put to soak the day before.

head of sheep to the vapor

INGREDIENTS

Proportions for 6
people: 2 kg of white kidneys. To incise the skin and to
withdraw the kidneys of their pocket. To turn delicately in salt
without crushing them and washing them with clear water. To
rinse several times. To cross one cubic of 3 side cm and to let
drain. To place in a pan, to salt very slightly, (kidneys having
been washed in salt), abuter: - 2 spoonfuls with sweet pepper
coffee - 1/2 spoonful with cinnamon coffee - 1 spoonful with coffee of
cumin - 150 G of butter

PREPARATION

To count a head for 2 people. To buy heads of sheep
divided into two and to ask the butcher to make jump the horns to the
mincer. To withdraw the brains and to shake each head
vigorously. To brush using a rather hard brush. To wash
ï¿½grande water and with salt carefully. To rinse several times
and to let drain. To make cook with the vapor as it is known as
for the meat with the vapor (choua). After two or three hours of
cooking according to the quality of the heads, to withdraw fire and to
clean any wool carefully. To give on fire always to the vapor
during half an hour then to serve them extreme accompanied by < harira ï¿½ la kerouiya" .

white sauce kidneys

NGREDIENTS

Proportions for 6
people: 2 kg of white kidneys. To incise the skin and to
withdraw the kidneys of their pocket. To turn delicately in salt
without crushing them and washing them with clear water. To
rinse several times. To cross one cubic of 3 side cm and to let
drain. To place in a pan, to salt very slightly, (kidneys having
been washed in salt), abuter: - 2 spoonfuls with sweet pepper
coffee - 1/2 spoonful with cinnamon coffee - 1 spoonful with coffee of
cumin - 150 G of butter

PREPARATION

To cover water and to cook with cover on average fire.
When the flesh of the kidneys is strengthened, the kidneys are
cooked. To reduce until obtaining a mielleuse sauce. To
check the seasoning and to withdraw fire. To be useful quite
hot. NB. The pockets of kidneys can be used in the bubble
of "will harira".

calf's feet

GREDIENTS

Proportions for 4
calf's feet (10 to 12 people): - 500 G of corn crushed coarsely
with the mortar, strongly rubbed and cleaned of all teguments.
(is sold very prepared in the souks) - 1 large grated onion - 1
spoonful with soup filled well with sweet pepper - 1 spoonful with
pepper coffee extremely crushed - 1 chick-pea soup bowl soaked of the
day before - 2 spoonfuls with oil soup - salt necessary to the
assaisonnemel!

PREPARATION

To buy
the feet cleaned and scraped in the butcher. To divide into
three, to wash them well. To place in a casserole, to add soft
pime, strong pepper, oil, grated onion, to salt well. To cover
water to put to boil on fire during half an hour. To add have
chick-peas and corn. To fill the casserole with the three
quarters with water, to again let boil during fifteen minutes and to
cook with cover on charcoal embers or with the furnace with very soft
fire without never stirring up. One needs approximately 8 for
9heures cooking with fire. Generally, one prepares the calf's
feet the evening, then to leave mijoter gently all the night.
After cooking, if the corn and the chick-peas absorbed the
liquid and that the sauce is consistent, to withdraw fire after having
the seasoning and heating only at the time to be useful. So on
the other hand, the juice is too clear, to pour it with share in a pan
to let reduce until obtaining a consistent sauce. If the calf's
feet are too fatty and that there is a surplus of oil, to elutriate
with the spoon, then to heat and be useful extreme.

Tajine of sardine pellet

INGREDIENTS

1 kg of sardines
3 grated tomatos
1 lemon crystallized
100 G of red olives
4 finely chopped cloves of garlic
1 spoonful with ground sweet pepper coffee
ï?½ spoonful with coffee of powder cumin
1 small chopped flat parsley bowl
1 small bowl of coriandre chopped
ï?½ glass with lemon juice tea
1 olive oil tea glass
1 spoonful with salt coffee
1 spoonful with pepper coffee

PREPARATION

1) To scale and empty sardines. To cut the head, the fins and the tail. To withdraw the dorsal and vertical edges, then to open them in order to remove the central edge. To wash them well with cold water, to drain them, then to wipe them with absorbing paper. To pass the flesh to the mixor.
2) To put the flesh of sardines, garlic, pepper, cumin, parsley and the coriandre, the juice of lemon, salt and pepper in a pan. To mix the whole and to let macerate approximately 5 minutes. To form pellets of the size of large balls with this mixture.
3) In a tajine to put tomatos with the sardine pellets, the crystallized lemon of pieces, olives and olive oil. To make cook with soft fire during 20 to 30 minutes. To be useful very hot.

morocco flag

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Morocco people

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the main religion in Morocco is Islam, moroccans are a mix of arab and berbers, berber are the native inhabitants of Morocco,in addition there are a minority of jewish and other , also in morocco live interesant number of foreigns especially french and spanish most 0f theme in casablanca and rabat especially.
people in morocco speack moroccan, a dialect from arabic mixed with berber, french and spanish are considered morocco's third langauges.
the population reached 30,122,350 (July 2000 est), with a Birth rate: 24.6 births/1,000 and Death rate: 6.02 deaths/1,000 population.
the sex ratio within the total population is 1 male/female (2000 est), and the Life expectancy at birth is 69.13 years.

History of Morocco

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Since the beginning of history there have been Berbers in North Africa end they were already well established when the Phoenicians made their first incursions in 1200 BC. Their origins are uncertain but thought to be Euro-Asiatic, The generic name Berbers, was imposed on them by the Arabs meaning those who were not Arabs.

Sanhaja, Masmoda, and Zenata are the three tribes constituting the Berbers .

The Sanhaja, from which sprang the Almoravide dynasty (the founders of Marrakesh) were nomads who in the 11C conquered the desert and much of the region to the south of it for Islam; the Masmouda were quiet farming people who lived in the north and west and in the High and Anti Atlas mountains and it was they who gave rise (from out Tin Mal , S of Marrakesh to the Almohade Dynasty which displaced the Almoravides; the Zenata a sub-group of which the - Beni Marin- swept in from the empty region between the Tafilalet and Algeria to become the great Merinide dynasty, were tough, horse-riding nomads of the cold high plateaux of the interior.

Joined to the Arabs only by Islam, the Berhers have always held themselves proudly separate in all other matters, especially in the rural and mountain areas. There is no standard form of Berber language since each tribal group has always used its own version, and there is no recognized Berber script or literature. Their strongest form of self-expression is music and dancing, which is rhythmic but with little harmony, compelling, loud and often quite intoxicating.

The Phoenicians and Carthaginians:

The first invaders are believed to have been the Phoenicians, coming from the land known then as Caanan in the Eastern Mediterranean in the 12C BC. Gradually they established trading posts along the north coast of Africa and traces at their occupation have been found at Lixus (Liks), which was probably the earliest, Tangier (Tangis)Mellilia (Russadir) Chellah part of Rahat and Tamuda (near Tetouan). These traces are usually in the form of fish-salting factories and are often heavily overlaid by Roman remains. The Phoenicians were essentially a maritime people, not interested in conquering or colonizing, and paying scant attention to he primitive berber tribes and poor agricultural land of the interior; therefore, their colonies were little more than enclaves along the coast, separated by great open spaces of wasteland which they did not need. Their main center of influence was Carthage (Tunisia). When Carthage became an independent state, the more civilized Carthaginians arrived and turned the north coast settlements into prosperous towns:they are known to have developed the fish salting and preserving into quite a major industry and their anchovy paste, called "garum" was widely exported. They also grew wheat and probably introduced the grape.

The Carthaginians exercised a considerable cultural influence on the Berbers even long after the Sack of Carthage in 146 BC; indeed, it probably increased at that time as hundreds of Carthagians fled westwards and took refuge from the Romans in the friendly enclaves along the coast .

The Romans:

After they had taken Carthage, the Romans moved westwards into the Berber kingdoms of Mauritania and Numidia(Algeria now) which became part of the Roman Empire. In 13 BC the Emperor Octavius granted the kingdom of Mauritania to the young Berber prince, Juba, son of Juba I of Numidia who had committed suicide 13 years earlier after the defeat by the Romans at the battle of Thapsus. In 25 8(2 they added the whole of Numidia to his realm. Educated in Rome and married to the daughter of Mark Antony and Cleopatra, known as Cleopatra -Stlene, hts pedigree was unpeccabte dnd he ruled wisely, probably living in Volubilis. This had already become a h3erher town of sonic statiding betore the Rornans arrived, due in part to the natural fertility of the region surrounding it and in part to the te~ching of the Carthaginians enabling the Berbers to get the best out ol the land.

The next 400 years formed Morocco ‘s Dark Age and very little is known about this period. The Vandals and Goths who were sweeping through Spain may have touched the northern tip of Morocco on their way eastwards to Carthage but there are no traces that they have stayed. The Berbers in the mountains and the desert continued life much as before. The Romnanised, part-Christian, Berber Mauritanians of the cities of Volubilis, Sala Colonia,(Chella) Tingis and others held on to their mixed cultural heritage and maintained a degree of civilization, as evidenced by one or two Latin inscriptions, found in several places, which date from as late as the mid 7C. But the weak and divided nature of the country was to prove no match at all for the next wave of invaders.

ISLAM

The Idrissides.

By the 7C AD the Arabs were in full expansion. They were inspired primarily by their fierce desire to spread their own religion of Islam throughout the World. but they were doubtless particularly attracted to North Africa by the endless stretches of desert sand which were to them like home. It was in 670 that the first Arab invasions of the North African coastal plain took place under Oqba Ben Nafi, commander of the Umayed dynasty in Damascus.

He is best known for having founded the city of Kairwan (S of Tunis) and for having built the first ever mosque in North Africa, He swept with his army into what is now Morocco in the year 683. Which he called this Maghreb al Aqsa or farthest West

When a second Ummayed leader, Musa lbn Nouasser, arrived in 703,the Berbers were not unwilling to participate in the Islamic expansion into southern Spain and into the more southerly areas of Morocco, However, the progress of Islam remained patchy and small enclaves of Christians still existed in the interior though many fled to Spain). This lack of national unity persisted until the arrival of ldriss Ben Abdallah, a descendant of the prophet Mohammed, in 788. There are very few original Arab sources available for reference about this early period but that which is most frequently cited by historians is the Raoud El Kartas, a chronicle by the 13C writer from Fez, Ibn Abi-Zar-El-fasi: from this we learn that ldriss Ben Abdallah fled into Egypt from the Abbasides .He arrived by way of Kairwan, first in Tangier and then in the former Roman city of Volubilis where was received by Berbers already fully converted to Islam by the earlier Arab arrivals. The Berbers chief proclaimed Idriss King and pledged the support of his own and neighboring tribes. It seems that the arrival of an assured leader who would guide the country out of the spiritual uncertainties which had increased since the death of Oqba ben Nafi was welcome. Idriss II was born after his father’s death and was educated and prepared for his awesome task. He became King at the age of 12, in 804.

He founded Fez which in his time was well prospered. In 818, 8000 Arab families arrived after being expelled by Christians from the Emirate of Cordoba in Spain. Seven years 2000 families came from Kairwan. These ‘refugies’ were welcomed and installed, respectively, on the right and left banks of the river which divides the town. It was very largely as a result of the of these people, with their refinements and skills, that Fez became a great spiritual and intellectual center whose influence very much reached to the far north of the country and, later, beyond. Idriss II who died in 828In Morocco came the next dynasty, from the south The Almoravides.

They were camel-riding Berber of the Sanhaja group of tribes, to whom cultivation of the soil was unknown. For a century or more they Have been conquering and converting to Islam the black countries of the Sahara, inspired by their search for the source of gold which had been flowing into Morocco from somewhere in the region of the Niger river.

The campaigns fought by the Almoravides were violent and successful and they soon controlled the whole of the south, under the leadership of Ibn Tachafine ( the founder of Marrakech in 1062, along with Al Koutoubia Mosque). Much of Spain became part of the Almoravide empire. A period of peace and prosperity followed, enriched by the refined culture of the Andalucian courts to which had been added a healthy dose of Berber virility and discipline.

The Almohades

A new power was emerging. The Almohades were Masmoda berbers from the high and the Atlas mountains .their leader, Mohamed Ibn Toumart, was a man of extarordinary power. The foundation of his doctorine was absolute unity with God, from which stemmed the name of Mouwahhidine, meaning unitarian.

Yacoub Al Mansour was a great statesman. The whole country prospered at his reign: spiritually, intellectually, economically and architecturally. Marrakesh was still the capital. Fez flowered as never before, and the end of the 12C is generally regarded as an apogée in Morocco’s history.

The Merinides:

The Beni Marin were a tribe of Nomadic Zenata Berbers who came from an area between Taza and Algeria.

The policy of the Merinides in running the affairs of Morocco was enlightened they the first Moroccans to introduce a simple form of civil service. They were also the first to introduce the Mellah, or Jewish quarters in all major tows, so that the Jewish could live secure and unmolested. The Merinides were also the first to introduce the concept of Medersa(originated from Baghdad and later on introduced to Egypt). Fez is liberally scattered with fine examples within easy walking distance of the Karawiyine. Sultan Abu Inan built the Bou Inania Medersa in Fez.

The Merinide Soltans surrounded themselves with scholars who could lecture not only about Koran but also about science and law , poetry and geography. The well-known traveller Ibn Batuta( 1304-78) was an honored member of the court of Abou Inan who gave him a secretary to write down stories of his travels as in the black Sea and Tambouktoo. Ibn Khaldoun, the 14 C historian and a Spanish Muslim spent many years as adviser and close associate of Merinide Sultans.

When the dynasty was feebled, Spain and Portugal were turning eyes towards Morocco .At that time, there was another ruler, Ibn Wattas, who came from Asilah to Fez. When he left Asilah, the Portugueuse invaded Asilah and took many family membersof Ibn Wattas and 5000 people as slaves, then Ibn Wattas signed a treaty with Portugal which allowed the portugueuse to invade Asilah, Tangier , Essaouira(Mogador)Mazagan (El Jadida) Zemmour, Safi and Agadir and Ceuta.

So, for a time, almost the entire west coast of Morocco became a seperate Portugueuse colony.

The Saadians

Were decsendants from the prophet Mohamed. They originally came from Arabiain the 12C, and settled in the valley of the Draa in the South of Morocco. They moved to Fez and were easily given power by the Wattasides. In the 16 C, they rebuilt the town of Taroudant as their capital.

During the Saadians’reign, the portugueuse had always dreamt of regaining power in the Moroccan territories. King Sebastian who was asked helped from one of the sultans nephews, landed in Asilah with a massive force of soldiers, there followed a memorable battle in 1578 at Ksar Kbir. The battle was known as the battle of the Three Kings, in which the portugueuse army was defeated, and in which King Sebastian, the Pretender and the Sultan Abd El Malik died.

Glorious in their victory, the Saadians under the reign of Ahmed Saadi(1578-1603) settled down in Fez. The Badi Palace and the Ethereal Mausoleum ( les tombeux Saadians) in Marrakesh are proofs of the wealth of Saadians.

The Alaouites

They were also decsended from the prophet Mohamed. They had arrived from Arabia some three ceunturies earlier to settle near Rissani in the Tafilalet region in the south.( They are referred to as Filali). Unlike preceding dynasties they did not move and seize power but were formally invited by the people of Fez to come to the capital and take over the throne of Morocco.

The first Alaouite ruler ,Moulay Rachid, reigned in 1666. He restored order with a firm hand, revived the life of all mosques and drove out all the pretenders. Under the reign of Moulay Ismael( 1672-1727) Morocco was made again a great country.He exchanged ambassadorts with many leading Powers. Meknes was chosen by Moulay Ismael as the imperial city which he made his capital. Today, the miles of ruined walls, palaces and stables bear witness to his energy and ambition and also to the scale of his success.

In 1757, another wise and strong Alaouite ruler came to the throne. He was Mohamed ben Abdellah. Hebuilt the city of Essaouira and invited the English, the French, and the jewish people to settle and to trade there.

Moulay el hassan acceded to the throne in 1873. He had the task of pacifying the tribes and was the first monarch to enter the wild Souss Area, where the tribes never acknowledged the authority of the state.

During his reign, the European governments suggested ways of reforming administration , such as fixed salaries, civil servants and a more structured method tax collection.

Attacks on foreigners were frequent and the tribes took power into their own hands. At that time, the French occupied Morocco, The Spaniards, for historical reasons, insisted on sharing the influence on Morocco. In 1906, the Conference of Algeciras( in which 30 nations were present) took place and had the effect of internationalizing the whole affair. Tangier was an international free port, and the whole country was under the protectorate of the French government.

In 1912, Sultan Moulay Hafid signed the Treaty of FEZ . He was relieved from the power to govern. The country was under the controle of a French Resident- General called Lyauty.He aimed to pacify and to construct. He also built the ports of Casablanca and Kenitra, the new towns of Rabat, Fez, Meknes and Marrakech, while the old medina of theses cities remained untouched. A modern educational system was introduced, the administration was modernised and the legal system reformed. Still the tribes in the south of Morocco were very rebellious. By 1920, there was a more structured rebellionand resistance in the Rif Mountains, led by Abdelkarim Khattabi. The French began by driving a wedge between Berbers and Arabs. The Sultan, at that time, signed a beber decree in 1930, which on the contrary of what the French calculated, brought the two parties even closer. Then , a serious movement of national independance was born especially formed by young intellectuals from Rabat and Fez.

In 1927, Moulay Youssef was succeded by his son Mohamed V, aged 17 years old. It was not until after World War II that the independence movement really gathered momentum. The troops Moroccans provided for the French army had conducted themselves with honor. At that time, an official independence party was formed called Istiqlal,whose first act was to send a memorundum to the sultan and the French authorities asking for independence and a democratic constitution. The immediate reaction to this request was the arrest of several Istiqlal leaders , whereas the sultan refused to sign any more decrees concerning his people.

In August 1953 the royal family was deported to Corsica and Madagascar, and another person was designed by the French to sit on the throne. Violence towards the French officials was the reaction of the Moroccan people, who claimed the return of the king.

In December 1956, The king was taken to France , where he signed a declaration promising that there would be a constitutional monarchy which would move towards ademocratic state.

In March 1956, the French signed an agreement in which they granted full independence to Morocco. The Spanish did the same and Tangier lost its international status during the same year.

The Sultan formed a government and French Officials were gradually replaced by Moroccans.

In 1961, King Mohamed V was succeded by Crown Prince Hassan II who presented a new constitution. Tthe first elected parliament assembled on 1963.

The Green March, which took place in 1975, is the most important event in the Reign of Late Hassan II. 350.000 unarmed Moroccans marched south into the desert to reassert the sovereinty of the Sahara which was in the hands of the Spanish at that time. A movement called The polisario was formed by the help of Algeria and Libya to oppose Moroccan rule and to fight for self determination of the Sahrawi.

Now, a processus of identification for referundum is taking place in the south provinces of the Kingdom under the aegis of the United Nations.

In July 23^rd, Late KING Hassan II was succeeded by Crown prince Mohamed Ibn Al Hassan, with the title of King Mohamed VI aged 36 years old and , holds a State doctorate on the subject of the relations between The Europeen Union and the countries of the Maghreb, from the university of Sophia Antipolis of Nice.

King Mohamed Ibn al Hassan gave his first Throne Speech on July 30^th 1999.

Major Events

683-732 Dissemination of Islam in Morocco under Okba Ibn Nafi and Andalusia under Tarik Ibn Ziad. 788 Arrival of Moulay Idriss I in Morocco and emergence of the Idrisside Dynasty. Establishment of the first Islamic State 808 Establishment of the city of Fez
Idriss Ist Ben Abdallah al-Kamil	788-791
Governening of Rachid	791-804
Governening of Abou Khalid Yazid	802-803
Idriss II Ben Idriss Ist	804-828
Mohammed ben Idriss II	828-836
Ali Ist ben Mohammed	836-848
Yahia Ist ben Mohammed	849-863
Yahia II ben Yahia	863-866
Ali II ben Omar	866-?
Yahia III ben Al Kassim	?-905
Yahia VI ben Idriss Ben Omar, Governor Fatimide and Moussa ben Abi l'Afiya	905-920
Al-Hassan Al-Hajjam ben Mohamed ben Al-Kasim	925-927
Al-Kassim Ganoune ben Mohammed ben Al-Kassim	937-948
Abou l'Aich Ahmed ben Al-Kassim Ganoune	948-954
Al-Hassan ben Al-Kassim Ganoune	954-974
1055-1147 Reign of the Almoravides Dynasty, originating from the Sahara.
Yahia ben Omar		1055-1057
Abou Bakr Ben Omar		1087-1088
Youssef Ben Tachfine		1062-1107
Ali Ben Youssef Ben Tachfine		1107-1144
Tachfine Ben Ali		1144-1145
Ibrahim Ben Tachfine		1145
Ishac Ben Ali		1145-1147
1070 Establishment of the City of Marrakesh. 1130-1269 Reign of the Almohads Dynasty, originating from the Masmouda tribe (Atlas).
Abdel Moumen Ben Ali				1133-1163
Abou Yacoub Youssef				1163-1184
Abou Youssef Yacoub, became Al Mansour After the victory of Alarcos on the Castillans in 1195				1184-1199
Mohammed An-Nasser				1199-1213
Al Mostancir				1213-1224
Al Adil				1224-1227
Yahia				1227-1229
Al-Mamoun				1229-1232
Abou Mohammed Abdel Wahid Ar-Rachid				1232-1242
Ali As-Said (brother of 'Ar-Rachid) (Fèz is Mérinide)				1242-1248
Omar Al Mourtada				1248-1266
Abou Debbous (Marrakech is Mérinide)				1266-1269
1258-1465 Reign of the Merinides Dynasty, originating from the Sahara.
Abou yahya				1244-1258
Youssef				125-1286
Yacoub				1286-1307
Abou Rabia				1307-1308
Uthman				1308-1331
Abou Al hassan				1331-1351
Abou Inan				1351-1358
Sons and grandsons of Abou Inan				1358-1396
AbdAllah				1396-1398
The Wattasides				1399-1554
1520-1660 Reign of the Saadians Dynasty, originating from Sakiet El Hamra (Sahara) and the Region of Draa.
Mohammed al-Cheikh Al Mahdi			1554-1557
Moulay Abdellah Al-Ghalib			1557-1574
Mohammed Al-Moutawakil			1574-1576
Abdel-Malik (ou Moulay Moulouk)			1576-1578
Ahmed Al Mansour Ad-Dahbi			1578-1603
Abou Fares Abdellah			1603-1608
Mohammed Al-Mamoune			1608-1613
Moulay Zaydane			1613-1618
Abdallah Al-Mamoune			1618-1623
Abdel Malik I			1623-1626
Abdel Malik II Ben Zaydane			1627-1631
Walid Ben Zaydane			1631-1636
Mohammed Ac-Cheikh (Al Asghar)			1636-1654
Ahmed al Abbas			1655-1660
1578 The Oued Al Makhazine Battle (or the Battle of The three Kings). 1660-1664 Advent of the Alaouite Cherifian Dynasty.
Moulay Mohammed II				1640-1664
Moulay Rachid				1664-1672
Moulay Ismail				1672-1727
Moulay Abdellah				1728-1757
Sidi Mohammed III Ben Abdellah				1757-1790
Moulay Yazid				1790-1792
Moulay Slimane				1792-1822
Moulay Abderrahmane				1822-1859
Sidi Mohammed VI				1859-1873
Moulay Hassan				1873-1894
Moulay Abdelaziz				1894-1908
Moulay Hafid				1908-1912
Moulay Youssef				1912-1927
Sidi Mohammed V				1927-1961
Moulay Hassan II				1961-1999
Sidi Mohammed VI				1999
1664-1672 Reign of Moulay Errachid (unifier of Morocco). 1672-1727 Reign of Moulay Ismail, founder of the city of Meknes (then capital of Morocco). 1729-1757 Reign of Moulay Abdallah 1757-1790 Reign of Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah. During his reign, Morocco recognized the nascent American State, the United States of America. 1790-1792 Reign of Moulay Yazid. 1792-1822 Reign of Moulay Slimane. 1822-1859 Reign of Moulay Abderrahmane (start of the French occupation of Algeria). Morocco strongly supported the Algerian resistance movement led by Emir Abdelkader. 1859-1873 Reign of Mohammed IV. 1873-1894 Reign of Moulay Hassan I. The Sovereign visited the southern provinces of Morocco, including the city of Tarfaya and the Moroccan Sahara, or so-called Western Sahara. 1894-1908 Reign of Moulay Abdelaziz. During this period, the Moroccan Sahara was shared out, under a secret treaty, between France and Spain (1904); the Algesiras Act was signed in 1906 and Casablanca was attacked by the French in 1907. 1908-1912 Reign of Moulay Abdelhafid. The Protectorate Treaty dividing Morocco into French, Spanish and international zones of influence was signed on March 30,1912. 1912-1927 Reign of Moulay Youssef during which the Moroccan people strongly opposed French and Spanish occupation (war of The Rif, Moha Ouhammou Zayani.). November 18, 1927 Enthronment of His Majesty Mohammed V at the age of 18. Under his rule, Morocco engaged in the decisive battle for independence. July 9, 1929 Birth of His Majesty King Hassan II. January 11, 1944 Presentation of the "Independence Manifesto", demanding recognition of the independence of Morocco, its territorial integrity and its national sovereignty as embodied by His Majesty King Mohammed V. April 9, 1947 Trip by His Majesty Mohammed V to Tangier during which he delivered a historical speech which marked the revival of the national conscience and resistance to foreign occupation. August 20, 1953 Exile of the late King Mohammed V and the Royal Family to Madagascar. Beginning of the "Revolution of the King and the People". November 16, 1955 Return from exile of the late King Mohammed V and his family. March 2, 1956
	Signing of "Celle-Saint Cloud" agreements recognising the Independence of the Kingdom of Morocco.
April 7, 1956 Signing an agreements with Spain, putting the end of the Spanish protectorate over the Moroccan Northern provinces. April 22, 1956 Morocco becomes a member of the United Nations Organisation

Welcome to morocco

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Morocco, officially Kingdom of Morocco (Royaume du Maroc, El Reino de Marruecos, Das Königreich Marokko), kingdom (1954 est. pop. 40,161,000), 171,834 sq mi (900,050 sq km), NW Africa, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea (N), the Atlantic Ocean (W), Mauritania , and Algeria (E). Principal cities include Rabat (the capital), Casablanca, Marrakech, and Fes. The Atlas Mts., rising to 13,671 ft (4,167 m) in Jebel Toubkal in the southwest, dominate most of the country.

In the south lie the sandy wastes of the Sahara desert, but in the north is a fertile coastal plain, home of most of the population. Agriculture and mining are economic mainstays. Morocco is a leading producer and exporter of phosphates; other important minerals include iron ore, copper, lead, zinc, cobalt, manganese, and coal. Food processing and the manufacture of leather goods and textiles are also important. Half the labor force is employed in agriculture, growing cereals, citrus fruits, and vegetables.

Tourism and fishing also contribute to the economy. Most Moroccans are of mixed Arab-Berber descent and are Muslim; Islam is the state religion. There are small Christian and Jewish minorities. Arabic is the official language; Berber dialects, French (a main language of commerce), and Spanish are also spoken.

Morocco travel information

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Since its independence, Morocco has witnessed deep socio-cultural mutations like all other countries in the second half of the XX century. It is within these changes that arts are being organized for several decades.

It was also decided to allocate 1% of the local councils budget to the building in each prefecture or province of a culture compound, that comprises a theater, and to the sponsorship of artists. It is likewise projected to create in each region, two drama companies that local councils will finance and supplywith the appropriate means.

Morocco has two institutes :

-The higher archeology institutes, created in 1986;

-The national institute of drama arts and cultural entertainment, created in 1987.

Literary and Artistic Prizes

The state holds every year the Moroccan book prize and the Grand Prize of National Merit. Several Moroccan figures from culture have been rewarded by Moroccan and foreign prizes.

Feasts and Festivals

Mobile date to commemorate the "Aid Al Mouloud" : in Sale, the procession of candles (decorated candles), Moulay Ibrahim festival (road of Asni, 50 km southwest of Marrakesh), 2nd week following the "Aid Al Mouloud" ; El Aouina festival (18 km southwest of Marrakesh), one month after the "Aid Al Mouloud".

In March : Festival of Moulay Aissa Ben Driss in Beni Mellal;

End of May : In Kelaat-Mgouna (Dades Valley) festival of roses;

May or June : Festival of Moulay Bousselham (south of Larache)

Beginning June, for ten days : in Marrakesh National popular arts festival;

In June: sherry festival in Sefrou;

Beginning July: Mdiq moussem (15 km northeast of Tetouan);

End August, for three days: Setti Fatma festival (Ourika valley, south of Marrakesh);

End August: Festival of Moulay Abdallah (10 km south of El Jadida);

In August: festival of Moulay Driss Zerhoun (north of Meknes), one of the most important ones with the largest audience;

End September: Festival of Sidi Moussa Ou Quarqour (near Kelaat-Seraghna, north of Marrakesh);

Third week of September: in Imilchil (middle Atlas), bethrotal festival;

First week of October: in Fes, festival of Moulay Idriss;

In Tissa (46 km northwest of Fes) horse festival;

End October: in Erfoud, dates festival;

Changing dates : festival of Tangiers, Tetouan, Fes, Agadir.